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Islam after Muhammad’s Death
by
Christine Huda Dodge
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- Muhammad saw Islam spread during his life
- Islam emerged as a great world civilization
- Muhammad didn’t name a successor
During Muhammad’s lifetime, Islam spread to all corners of the, bringing all the tribes together under one banner of faith. In the years following his death, the Muslim world was led by a series of caliphs and dynasties.
During its Golden Years, Islam emerged as a great world civilization, flourishing in the Middle East and giving rise to Muslim Spain and the Ottoman Empire. Now there are several dozen independent nations with Muslim populations and governments.
The Rightly Guided Successors
After Muhammad died (in 632 c.e.), the Muslim community needed a new leader. The divine revelations ended with the death of the Final Prophet, but the community still needed someone to have administrative responsibility. The Muslims needed a strong leader who would ensure that the community abided by the guidance of the Qur’an and the Prophet, establish justice, and create conditions whereby Islam could be fully practiced and implemented.
Muhammad did not name any particular individual to succeed him. He expected the community to select a new leader from among the most pious and well-suited of his companions. Muhammad’s death sparked the debate over who was to take over leadership of the community.
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